Endourology is a type of urology that uses small tools and cameras to treat problems in the urinary tract without large cuts, making recovery quicker.

Laser kidney stone treatment is a minimally invasive procedure that uses a laser to break up kidney stones into smaller fragments. These fragments can then be more easily passed through the urinary tract or removed. It involves inserting a thin tube through the urethra and bladder to reach the kidney, where the laser is applied directly to the stones.

Kidney stone treatment without surgery involves non-invasive methods to help dissolve or pass stones. This can include medications to manage pain and facilitate stone passage, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) to break stones into smaller pieces, and increased fluid intake to aid in flushing out the stones.